Period+5+Sparta

Sam Greenwald Ryan Aravind Mary Griffin Everyone

= **//"Spartans: Brave Warriors of the Past"//** =

=Name of Civilization: //Sparta// =

=Dates: //950 BC - 152 BC// =

[]

= **Government** =

[] **The government was a mixture of an oligarchy and democracy.**
 * **There were two kings that ruled with equal power and rights.**
 * **The Council of Elders made up of 28 noble proposed laws and decided court cases.**
 * **There was also the Spartan Assembly, who stood for the male citizens of Sparta. The spartan assembly could accept or not accept the council's decision.**
 * **The assembly selected five ephors to watch over the military and other groups.**
 * **Sparta had a constitution saying what rights people had.**

= Religion = The 12 main gods and godesses [] =﻿=
 * The Spartans followed the ancient Greek religion but did not worship it to the degree as other cities.This religion is very complex and has many different parts to it.
 * It is based on myths that include the gods, heroes who could be part god, monsters and mortals.
 * It is a polytheistic religion in which the gods have many human traits, meaning that they have flaws, temptation and make mistakes. The only difference is that they are immortal.There were 12 important gods and goddesses and each had one or more things they represented. For example Zeus was the head of all gods and controlled the skies.
 * To worship the gods the Greeks had temples and sacrificed animals to the gods. In Sparta there is evidence of sacrifices to ares, the god of war.
 * Another big part of the religion was oracles. They were special priests who could tell the future and consulted with the gods. The Greeks would go to an oracle before starting a war or making other big decisions.
 * Woman were also involved in this religion they could be priestesses.

=﻿=

= Economy =

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 * ===== **People in Sparta didn't use currency in the city-state.** =====
 * **People in Sparta traded with other people in the city.**
 * **Sparta's economy depended on the population of Non-Doric people in Lacedonia.**
 * **Lacedonia was the richest city-state in Ancient Greece at the time.**

= Arts and Architecture = [] =﻿= = Technology =
 * The Spartans had very little art because they were based around the military.
 *  The few artisans that they did have were Helots, the slaves. Elaborate architecture was also limited because the people were not allowed to build big luxurious houses.
 * Around 500 B.C. they came to a “intellectual and cultural standstill”. this means that they no longer created any art, literature or other advancements along those lines.

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 * ===== **Sparta made similiar invention as Athens did.** =====
 * **Sparta mainly made weapons because Sparta was always in a war with somebody else.**
 * **Sparta built Aqueducts for water.**
 * **They built roads for transportation.**

=__ Social Classes __= []

The Upper Class

 * **The upper-class was made up of all regular citizens called Equals.**
 * **These were the full citizens of Sparta.**
 * **Although they were called equals, they really had the most rights.**

**The Middle Class**

 * **The middle class was made up of merchants and artists.**
 * **They held rights between Helots and citizens.**

**The Lower Class**

 * **The Helots were the lower class.**
 * **They were like slaves with more rights and freedom, but they were owned by the Spartan polis or city state.**
 * **The state gave Helots to individual Spartans to work, but those individual Spartans couldn't free or sell them.**

**Summary of your civilization's achievements:**
====The spartans achieved a few great things. One of their highest acheivements is that they created the Great Rhetra, the first written constitution known. They also are known for their many battles and military acheivements, this is no surprise considering their whole society is based around it. One of the spartans most famous battle is the Battle of Thermoplyae, even though they did not win they still had a really good strategy and fought brutally. They held off the Persians for three whole days with only an army of six or seven thousand, against an army estimated to be up to about 350,000 men. When they were about to be surrounded, King Leonidas sent away most of his men and stayed with a group of 300 to cover the rear. By sacrificing themselves, the 300 saved the other 6000 men and exemplified the phrase, "Death before dishonor". A third accomplishment of Sparta was that they pretty much conquered all of Greece, and put it under Spartan rule after winning a long war called the Peloponnesian War. Sparta was an amazing society that managed to achieve some very great things.====

Sources:

"Athens and Sparta (Overview)." // World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras //. ABC-CLIO, 2011. Web. 18 Sept. 2011. "Helots." // World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras //. ABC-CLIO, 2011. Web. 18 Sept. 2011. "Sparta." // World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras //. ABC-CLIO, 2011. Web. 18 Sept. 2011. "Religion, Greek." //Ancient Greece and Rome//: //An Encyclopedia for Students//. Ed. Carroll Moulton. Vol. 3. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1998. 170-173. //Gale World History In Context//. Web. 22 Sep. 2011. "Sparta." //Ancient Greece and Rome//: //An Encyclopedia for Students//. Ed. Carroll Moulton. Vol. 4. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1998. 65-68. //Gale World History In Context//. Web. 21 Sep. 2011. Religion, Greek." //Ancient Greece and Rome//: //An Encyclopedia for Students//. Ed. Carroll Moulton. Vol. 3. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1998. 170-173. //Gale World History In Context//. Web. 22 Sep. 2011.