Period+5+Maurya+And+Gupta

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 * || Name of civilization: Maurya Empire

Dates: Lasted from 321 B.C. to 185 B.C.

Map:

Source: [] Complete the acronym below by adding 3-4 bullet points and an image that relate to your civilization:  G =Mauryan Government * The districts were ruled by Pradeshikas or Sthanikas. Source: http://www.indiaandindians.com/india_history/mauryan_administration.php R= Religion *Hinduism  Source: [] Source: purelandbuddhism.com E [] [] ABC-CLIO Database Art- The Mauryan Empire laid the foundation for Indian art which would later advance to even greater heights  during the reign of the Gupta empire. Some of the greatest and best examples of Mauryan art were the  Ashoka Pillars which were erected across the empire. The pillars were a great example of the Mauryan art,  architecture, and engineering. The pillar was made out of one single piece of stone which was cut, carved,  and polished by hand, adorning the top of the pillar was a four lion sculpture which was also made from a  <span style="display: block; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"> solid piece of stone. Mauryan Architecture was also reputed to be fabulous because the capital of Pailliputra <span style="display: block; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"> had been described by many travelers as one of the most amazing cities of the ancient world. Unfortunately <span style="display: block; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"> since most of the building materials was wood, most of it did not survive although excavations have come up  <span style="display: block; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"> with a few structures like a hundred pillar hall. The Mauryan Empire was good at cutting out caves in the side <span style="display: block; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"> of hills, and were able to polish the inside walls so highly they shone as if of glass. The Mauryan Empire constructed <span style="display: block; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"> several stupas across the country. <span style="display: block; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">TS <span style="display: block; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">[] <span style="display: block; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">[] * At the top of Maurya's social class were the Brahmans, who were aristocrats in the Mauryan Empire and treated as supreme beings. Second to the Brahmans were religious leader such as Buddhist monks. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff0000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Summary of your civilization's achievements: <span style="display: block; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">The Mauryan Empire made many amazing acheivments, one of which being, spreading the ideas of Buddhism all around India. They also succeeded in conquering all of India, except for the very Southern point. Another one of there achievments was that they advanced in many fields such as technology and they advanced their economy. They also became very wealthy through trading with others. At one point they controlled thirty three percent of the world's wealth. Name Of Civilization: Gupta Empire Dates: Lasted From 320 C.E. to 550 C.E.  Map: Source: http://dt-ss.tripod.com/GUPTA.gif <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">Complete the acronym below by adding 3-4 bullet points and an image that relate to your civilization: <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">G =Government <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">*Monarchy <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">Source: <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">[] <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 90%;">R=Religion <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 90%;">*Hinduism <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 90%;">Source: [] <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">Source: <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">lunchtruckparts.com E []# [] ABC-CLIO Database Art- The Gupta Empire had magnificent architecture, art, and sculptures. Gupta Empires architecturewas mainly focused on temples, which were unfortunately destroyed by invaders. Though some are still standing which show the architecture standards of their empire. The Gupta Period brought on a new idea, in which Statues were place inside of temples which was conventionally never seen as feasible or done before. The temple was constructed on top of a high base in which stairs were made on all 4 sides making it easily accessible to the public. T S [] [] Summary of your civilization's achievements: The Gupta Empire Achieved many feats including kicking off the Golden Age of India which was marked by the extensive discoveries they made in science, technology, engineering, art, dialectic, literature, logic, mathematics, astronomy, religion, and philosophy (which crystalized Hindu culture as we know it today). The high points of this culture was mainly their magnificent architecture, sculptures, and paintings. The Gupta Empire produced many Great Academic Scholars during its dynasty such as Aryabahata, the scholars made great advancements in the Academic fields. Also in the Gupta Dynasty scientific and political administration reached all new heights. The Gupta's strong trade ties made the region an important cultural center and set the region up as a base that would influence nearby kingdoms and regions. The Gupta empire ||
 * Dynasty
 * <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">The provinces were ruled by Princes or people related to the Royal family.
 * <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Gramanis were in charge of villages.
 * <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">The Mauryans had a huge army.
 * <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">It consisted of six divisions, infantry, cavalry, chariot, elephant, navy and troops that ensured the safe passage of goods and weapons to other soldiers.
 * <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">The king’s court at Pataliputra was the highest court of Justice. Judicial courts were set up in all parts of the country. Small cases were decided by the village panchayats, local government body. Punishments were severe. The judicial officers were known as rajukas.
 * <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Hindu priests were an important part of the emperor's court.
 * <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">The main Hindu god was the almighty Lord Sri Vishnu, the Lord of the three worlds.
 * <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Interestingly enough Emperor Ashoka, even after embracing Buddhist culture, kept Hindu priests and ministers in his court.
 * <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Buddhism and Jainism also gained popularity during the Mauryan Empire, but at the beginning of the Mauryan empire Hinduism was the only religion.
 * <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Ashoka sent many Buddhist priests to West Asia, Greece and South East Asia, and commanded that people build monasteries, schools and read Buddhist literature everywhere in the Mauryan Empire.
 * <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Emperor Chandragupta Maurya embraced Jainism after retiring. He later gave up his throne to join some Jainist monks.
 * Mauryan economy saw rise during Asoka's promotion of dharma (moral and good will).
 * <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Drastic increases in foreign trade and domestics allowed the Mauryan Empire to prosper.
 * A major cultural center with universities, libraries, parks, temples, and towers were built as a result
 * Maurya had a tax revenue system and an economy based on agrarianism.
 * <span style="display: block; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"> The working class were composed of philosophers, husbands/landowners, traders, and soldiers. The labor class is at the bottom of the social classes and that consists of the poorest people.
 * Wine and meat were the most common part of daily meals in Mauryan society.
 * <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">The King of the Gupta empire was the head of the government.
 * <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">The empire was divided into provinces.
 * <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">The princes governed the provinces.
 * <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">Districts had administrative centers that governed themselves
 * <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">The districts were basically free from the central government control except for special cases that dealt with the central government's laws.
 * <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">The highest ranking officer in a district was the Kumaramatya, who was the link from the district to the central government.
 * <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">The Gupta kings were actually not that interested in what happened in the local districts. They left the Kumaramatyas in charge.
 * <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">The villages were governed by the "headmen" and the elders of the village.
 * <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">Instead of paying government officials in cash the gupta empire mainly paid them in land grants.
 * <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 90%;">When the Gupta empire began to prosper it became a great place for a "tolerant and happy" religion.
 * <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 90%;">Hinduism was not as demanding as Buddhism or Jainism.
 * <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 90%;">Hinduism gained the support of the royal family in the Gupta Empire and then Hinduism started to get more complicated.
 * <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 90%;">Hinduism then required more rituals and gained some forms of astronomy.
 * <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 90%;">Hinduism also took some concepts from Jainism and Buddhism.
 * <span style="color: #808000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 90%;">Modern Hinduism owes a lot of its popularity and style to the Gupta Empire.
 * Candra Gupta II expanded Guptan economy after he claimed western ports and promoted overseas trade.
 * Basis for the economy were fabrics from the textile company and ivory work.
 * Gupta did a lot of overseas trade since the development of ships
 * Bankers were able to make loans and set interests.
 * Gupta retained the same caste system as Maurya where the Brahmans are at the top and the poor are at the bottom.
 * The middle class were the most popular because they got the most benefits while the wealthy class did not improve much and the poor class stayed the same.
 * There was more equality between classes, as everyone regardless of their status and wealth believe that they must try each other with the utmost care and respect.
 * Women were still considered to be inferior to men in society