Period+5+Persia

Matthew Meserve, Staci Pinkowitz, David Weidmann , Alex Elantri

PERSIAN EMPIRE Dates: 612 B.C. - 330 B.C.



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Complete the acronym below by adding 3-4 bullet points and an image that relate to your civilization:

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 * The Persian Empire was a monarchy, which means that it has one ruler who governs the whole empire.
 * The Persians and the Archaemenid Dynasty, a period where power is passed down from generation to generation in the royal family, were both started by Cyrus the Great, a man who rose up, uniting Persia to conquer Medes, the empire that ruled over Persia for a long time before.
 * When Cyrus died in 529 B.C., his son, Cambyses II took the throne. Some more important rulers included Darius and Xerxes, who helped Persia's Empire grow.
 * The religion of the ancient Persians was very close to nature. Their worshipping usually happened outside, on the top of a mountain.
 * They had the same Pantheon of Gods as the Vedic Period in India, since they were conquered by Aryan Tribes.
 * The ancient Persians believed that one day, humanity must submit to a terrible test of fire, and that their main god will protect only the good people and animals, and that finally, light and purity will conquer.

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 * The Persian economy started as an economy that herded animals due to the fact that the land in the empire was so poor for agriculture, but later on the economy became more advanced.
 * The Persian King Darius I ruled for 36 years and did many tasks during his rule including stimulating the Persian economy.
 * The Persian King Darius I was a ruler who revolutionized the Persian economy. Darius created common currency, weights, and measures that made trade easier.
 * King Darius I also had roads built that made for easy travel for people to transport goods and other things.
 * King Darius I also had a canal built that linked the Mediterranean Sea to the Indian Ocean to increase trade by sea, not just by land.

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 * The arts of ancient Persia included architecture, painting, pottery, sculpture, mosaics, and metalwork.
 * Persian art was influenced greatly by Greek art.
 * The earliest Persian art included ceramics, small bronze objects, as well as gold, silver, and ivory pieces.
 * The biggest sculptures made by the Persians were huge limestone sculptures made out of the side of cliffs.
 * The Persian Empire was known for its invention of the Qanat, or a water wheel that took water vertically up into the air when you turned a crank, making obtaining water from canyons or other lowlands much easier and more efficient.
 * The Persians were also the first empire to use the Law of Conservation of Mass, which states that no mass is gained nor lost during any chemical or physical change, and to prove that the speed of light was not infinite.

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 * In ancient Persia, there existed the usual social structure of the time: a monarchy. The king had advisers, an army, and common people. Women, unlike most other cultures at the time, had a relatively high status in the community; they could own land, appear in court, and had many other privileges
 * The ancient persians also had advanced artists and other kinds of specialists. For example, they made toys for children, and built a great temple. Another social aspect of Ancient Persia is the fact that they had many languages and even a written language which consisted of pictures that would be carved onto a slab of wet clay.

Summary of your civilization's achievements: The Persian Empire had many important achievements throughout its existance including technological, economical, and architechural. The Persians developed an efficient way of transporting buckets of water vertically to where people can stand and take the water. The Persians were also advanced scientists. The Persians were even able to develop a highly sophisticated economy including satraps calculating the exact amount of taxes that should be tributed from each city or territory to the Persipolis, the capital city of Persia. The Persians even developed a group similar to the Secret Service today called Immortals. The Immortals were a group of people who were ordered to only guard the monarch of Persia and nobody else. A few examples of good Persian architecture are: Caravanserais, a building in which many people and animals can get water. Persia was also one of the earlier empires to use a sewer system which is used to move water away from some people, or sometimes to them. Persia had many new innovations in different fields all throughout their history.