Period+1+Persia

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Name of civilization: Persia

Dates: 700 BC-1935 Source: http://www.google.com/imgres?q=map+of+persia&hl=en&client=safari&sa=X&rls=en&tbm=isch&prmd=imvns&tbnid=RKtkvtnhOFvArM:&imgrefurl=http://karenswhimsy.com/map-of-persia.shtm&docid=S66MT8JEuwO_pM&w=650&h=469&ei=S-V5TpzYG-Pb0QGyx8SsAg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=132&vpy=180&dur=987&hovh=191&hovw=264&tx=181&ty=142&page=1&tbnh=115&tbnw=159&start=0&ndsp=15&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0&biw=1024&bih=619// //Complete the acronym below by adding 3-4 bullet points and an image that relate to your civilization://

//G-//The government of Persia was made up of a monarchy. Achaemenes founded the monarchy. He reigned around 700 BC. Around 675-653 BC the ruler of Medes, made Persia a vassal state. Since then, there have been many other emperors such as King Cyrus II (ruled 529-522 BC), Darius (ruled 522-486 BC), Xerxes (ruled 485-465 BC), and Artaxerxes (ruled 465-425 BC).

//R- The Persian civilization had 3 major religions: Zoroastinimoism, Manicleasim, and another religion that arose from Persia was Mazdakism. Zoroastinimoism is said to be the first monotheistic religion. Iranian religion had strong animist elements and both fire and water were held to be sacred. Darius built several temples in Egypt and allowed Jews to rebuild the temple in Jerusalem. The Iranian pantheon was divided into two categories of god, Ahuras and Dirvas.//

//E- There was an army. The Achamenid army was organized using a decimal system. Lydia has an important place in history as the first state to mint coins of gold.// The early Persian economy was based on herding because the land was so poor for agriculture. The gold-rich areas in India made Persia an economic powerhouse. It controlled the rich agricultural areas of Mesopotamia, the grasslands of Anatolia, the trade routes in every direction and improved transportation routes.

//A- The Ancient Persians made a lot of Animal Style Artwork on painted pottery vessels. Architecture was very specific in decoration especially when it was for public architecture or sculptures. The majority of the things that the Ancient Persians built were objects like pottery and small scultures, monuments, buildings and cities.//

//T- Persians invented the Qanat. It was a water management system used for irrigation. Persians may have also invented the very first batteries. They also invented the windmill. In Ancient times Persians created many armor such as small knives and bows and arrows.Later on the developed slings shields and many other weapons.//

//S- Social Status was a most important to least rich in Persia. First came the King and his Royal Family. Next came the Priests and the and the Aristocrates. Under them were the Army and then the traders/merchants. Above the poorest of families were the Craftsmen and then came the Farmers and Peasents. At the bottom of the Social Pyramid were the slaves that were put to work every day without being paid until they were either released or they died.//

//Summary of your civilization's achievements:The Persian Empire began when Cyrus the Conquerer started conquering other lands. In his lifetime, Cyrus the Conquerer expanded the boarders of his civilization/empire from the Hellespont to the Aral Sea in the North and from Sinai to the boarders of India in the South. When he was making his plans to conquer Egypt, the last empire in the Near East Cyrus the Conquerer died. The next Persian Emperor that took Cyrus' place in the throne was Emperor Cambyses, who followed in Cyrus the Conquerer's footsteps and finished what Cyrus had started. He conquered Egypt and the last great empire was under his control. Emperor Cambyses died on the way back from Egypt. Darius the 1st expanded the empire to it's ultimate extent, reaching the Indus Valley in modern day Pakistan. Then, Darius turned to focus on better controlling his now huge empire. Darius divided the empire into 20 provinces and apointed 20 satraps. Each satrap would control one province and report back to the king if there were any problems. Then Darius sought to make transportation easier and better. He improved Routes in the desert and with the help of slaves, dug a canal that connected the Medditteranean and the Red seas. This canal predated the Suez canal by 2,350 years. Darius's way of ruling over the empire (the way of satraps and provinces) continued on long after his death. The emperors that came after Darius the 1st goverenedwith Darius' way until the Persian Empire was ultimately defeated by Alexander the Great and his army.// //Citation for this Summary:// Ancient Civilizations- The Illustrated Guide To Belief, Mythology and Art// General Editor: Proffessor Greg Woolf